Markedness and Word Structure: OCP Effects in Japanese

ing away from any ordering due to multiple violation of single constraints, (16) shows the harmonic ordering of candidates induced by (15) (see Prince & Smolensky 1993, 68-71 for the notation). Curly braces enclose the list of marks of each candidate: the candidate violating only C1 has the mark {*C1}, the candidate violating C1 and C2 is marked {*C1, *C2}, and the candidate violating no constraints is assigned {L} (the empty list). (16) Evaluation of marks: less harmonic {* } {* ,* } $# {* } {* } #$ {L} most harmonic The important point is a familiar one: Under direct strict domination, the candidate {* ,* } is more harmonic than the candidate {* }, even though the former has two violations and the latter only one. This is the celebrated strictness of strict domination, depicted in (17) in the familiar tableau form.